Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: 12 Date: 18/01/2026
Subject: Information Technology IT
Lesson Topic: Understand autonomous systems (vehicles, drones)
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the core components (sensors, perception, decision‑making, control, communication) of autonomous vehicles and drones.
  • Explain the SAE levels of autonomy and their implications for human involvement.
  • Apply basic kinematic equations to analyse vehicle speed, turning forces and drone thrust.
  • Evaluate at least two benefits and two challenges (technical, ethical, legal) of autonomous systems.
  • Discuss emerging trends such as swarm intelligence and V2I integration.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen for slide presentation
  • Computer with internet access
  • Printed handout of SAE autonomy levels table
  • Video clips of self‑driving cars and drone flights
  • Worksheet with kinematic calculations
  • Whiteboard and markers
 Introduction:
Begin with a short video of a self‑driving car navigating city streets, then ask students what technologies might enable such behaviour. Connect to prior learning on sensors and basic physics. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe components, explain autonomy levels, and solve simple motion problems.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Quick recall quiz on sensor types and their functions.
  2. Mini‑lecture (15'): Overview of core components and SAE autonomy levels, using slides and the printed handout.
  3. Interactive demo (10'): Show a live simulation of sensor data feeding into a perception algorithm.
  4. Group activity (15'): Worksheet where students calculate vehicle turning forces and drone thrust using the given equations.
  5. Discussion (10'): Benefits vs. challenges – each group lists two of each and shares.
  6. Future trends brainstorm (5'): Quick round‑robin of emerging technologies (swarm drones, V2I, quantum LiDAR).
Conclusion:
Recap the main components, autonomy levels, and key equations covered today. Ask students to write one exit‑ticket sentence summarising a benefit and a challenge of autonomous systems. Assign homework: research a recent real‑world autonomous vehicle deployment and prepare a short paragraph on its societal impact.