Chemistry – Acids, bases and salts - The characteristic properties of acids and bases | e-Consult
Acids, bases and salts - The characteristic properties of acids and bases (1 questions)
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The relationship between pH and the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] is defined as: pH = -log10[H+]. This means that the pH is the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration.
To calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions, we can rearrange the equation to solve for [H+]:
[H+] = 10-pH
Given that the pH of the solution is 3.5, we can calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions as follows:
[H+] = 10-3.5 = 0.00316 M
Therefore, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution is 0.00316 mol/dm3 or 0.00316 M. A lower pH indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions, meaning the solution is more acidic. A higher pH indicates a lower concentration of hydrogen ions, meaning the solution is more alkaline.