Chemistry – Atoms, elements and compounds - Ions and ionic bonds | e-Consult

Ionic compounds exhibit different electrical conductivity depending on their state:

Solid State: In the solid state, ionic compounds are poor conductors of electricity. This is because the ions are held in fixed positions within the crystal lattice and are not free to move. There are no free charge carriers.

Aqueous State (Dissolved in Water): When an ionic compound is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions. These ions become mobile and are free to move throughout the solution. The mobile ions can then carry an electric current. Therefore, aqueous solutions of ionic compounds are good conductors of electricity.

Molten State (Liquid): When an ionic compound is heated to its melting point, it becomes a liquid. In the molten state, the ions are still mobile and free to move. This allows them to carry an electric current. Therefore, molten ionic compounds are also good conductors of electricity.

Summary Table:

The ability of ions to move freely is crucial for electrical conductivity. The presence of a solid lattice restricts ion movement, while a liquid or aqueous solution allows for it.