Know and understand the causes of these safety issues and strategies for preventing them

8 Safety and Security

Causes of Safety Issues

  • 🔓 Weak or no passwords – like leaving a door unlocked.
  • 📧 Phishing emails – fake messages that trick you into giving away secrets.
  • 💻 Unpatched software – missing updates that leave security holes.
  • 🕵️‍♂️ Insider threats – users who misuse access, intentionally or accidentally.
  • 🌐 Public Wi‑Fi risks – data can be intercepted on open networks.

Strategies for Prevention

  1. 🔐 Use strong passwords – mix letters, numbers, symbols, and change them regularly.
  2. 🛡️ Enable two‑factor authentication (2FA) – an extra lock on your accounts.
  3. 🛠️ Keep software updated – install patches to close security gaps.
  4. 🚫 Beware of phishing – check sender addresses and hover over links before clicking.
  5. 🔒 Use VPNs on public Wi‑Fi – encrypt your connection like a secret tunnel.
  6. 🗑️ Securely delete data – use tools that overwrite files to prevent recovery.

Exam Tips

• Remember the 3‑step security model: Authentication, Authorization, and Auditing.
• Use analogies: Compare passwords to house keys, 2FA to a second lock.
• Answer structure: Start with the cause, give an example, then explain prevention.
• Time management: Allocate 2 minutes per question; use bullet points for clarity.
• Check for keywords: “prevent”, “protect”, “secure”, “threat”.

Threats vs. Prevention – Quick Reference

Threat Prevention
Phishing Verify sender, hover over links, use spam filters.
Malware Install antivirus, keep OS updated, avoid suspicious downloads.
Weak Passwords Use password managers, enable 2FA, change passwords regularly.
Unsecured Wi‑Fi Use VPN, avoid sensitive transactions, turn off sharing.

Revision

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